Broadly—and I mean very broadly speaking, true azaleas [Satsuki and otherwise] at approximately 40 degrees latitude [plus or minus six] will start to come out of dormancy about one lunar cycle before the vernal equinox, and begin to bloom two lunar cycles thereafter. [roughly February 20-something to start waking up, and late May to begin blooming]. After another lunar month, the summer solstice, whether or not they are done blooming, they will begin to push new growth, which will set flower buds until the autumnal equinox. After that, it’s pretty much what you see is what you’re going to get.
In other words, if you care about flowers in the upcoming year, you can expect that whatever vegetation you leave on after the Fourth of July will produce flower buds. You can prune to shape after that time, but whatever you cut, if it buds back, cannot be relied upon to produce blossoms the following spring. Of course all of this is subject to local conditions, and whatever weird weather you have that year [knowing that climate change is a Chinese hoax to perpetuate their trade advantage].
Based on my recent experience with both Satsuki azaleas and rhododendron azaleas, chopping the crap out of them tends to incite more rapid and robust budding—albeit with a two week lag—than mild pruning does.