Prunus mume, is not really a plum, not a cherry, and not exactly an apricot. It is unique, botanically probably closest relative is apricot.
Probably the reason you don't see tables of flower color for edible plums, is because for most people, farmers in particular, flower color is not important, it is the fruit that is important. No commercial nursery will propagate an edible plum for flower color if the fruit is not good enough to meet taste standards for edible plums. All the selection is for fruit quality and disease resistance, flowers are an afterthought.
The edible plum is considered too messy for the landscape nurseries, and it has stiff competition from Ume, and the flowering cherries when being considering ornamental landscaping. Landscape ornamentals have to be plant it and forget it. Rotten fruit from an edible plum means commercial growers are not breeding edible plums for landscape use.
Oddly, there is a peach with fairly good fruit, that has double pink flowers, and is marketed as a landscape plant.
Most of the peaches I've seen have pink flowers, usually single. But I don't know if peach has other colors. I've only seen maybe a dozen peach varieties in bloom that I remember.