Yes, they can. I never tried it, but I've had succes.
Pfizers around here are potted deep, and they send out roots all over the trunk within a year or so.
Chinensis started rooting in my raffia wrap.
I'm trying some hybrid air layers by doing nothing but wrapping branches in moss. I expect them to grow roots in year 1, then I'll remove a ring of bark below the roots as a cherry on the cake, and leave them for another year if that's needed.