This is done with a technique called "forcing". Google "forcing bulbs" and you should find complete directions. Forcing is usually done to bring bulbs into flower much earleir than normal for indoor display, but you could also leave the pot outdoors (with protection), and the bulbs would bloom on their normal schedule. When planting in a pot like this, the usual recommendation is to space the bulbs about 1/4" apart. This is a temporary display. The bulbs are using stored energy to bloom and usually will not repeat unless taken out of the pot and planted in the ground immediately after flowering.
The genus name of these bulbs is Muscari. If you decide to try it, I suggest Muscari neglectum, starch hyacinth, which is a little smaller but probably the most vigorous of the genus. Another spring flowering bulb that would work is Narcissus x 'Hawera', a tiny daffodil.