Cruiser
Omono
Members may find this guide useful and/or interesting.
It is a manual for identifying old growth trees and forests in western Washington, and for understanding stand dynamics (how a forest changes over time). It discusses visual indicators of age and other concepts we can apply to designing our trees.
The info is specific to most of the major conifers species here but can be applied in a broader sense to genuses used in bonsai (Picea—spruce, Tsuga—hemlock, Pseudotsuga—Douglas-fir, Abies—fir, and Thuja—“cedar”).
A manual for eastern Washington also exists. It covers similar topics for trees in more arid parts of the state, like larches and pines.