I cannot speak from experience with this in deciduous trees but I can tell you it is possible with a lot of shrubs that throw suckers anyways. I had a Cotoneaster that would do as you describe. When the shoots are still supple if you can get them into the ground without breaking them AND secure they will grow covered in peat or whatever as an air layer or root layer will. Yes they will continue under the substrate and pop up again as a sucker but those types of plants require you to cut away suckers anyways. Experiment with one ore two either way. After a year uncover them and see if they harden off where exposed perhaps? I suspect it varies greatly but a harmless experiment at best! If they stay alive buried they grow fibrous root as most horizontal roots do like aerial roots... Cotoneaster is one but I am certain many shrubs would work as well.
Grimmy