Welcome fellow Ohioan.
I overwinter very cold tolerant trees outside, protected by digging them into a mulch bed I constructed. My other trees I keep in a cold greenhouse enclosure that we built. The idea with trees in pots, if they are hardy, is to keep them from wind and sun, and to keep the rootball at a consistent temp. The ground will fluctuate much less than the air, that is why we dig them into the ground a bit. Then mulch around and on top, being careful not to place the mulch too close to the trunk. It is a good idea to make sure that there is a small space under the pot to allow the water to drain. Placing the pot on a plastic greenhouse bench top material dug into the soil, and then mulching around that is how I accomplished that. You would do well to do some sort of top cover protection with all the lake effect you get up there. Mine are partway under a porch eave, so I don't really need a top.
Be aware that if you have glazed pots, you'll want to have the same size and shape plastic or mica pots, to transfer the tree to (without messing up the roots) in the late fall for winter storage. Glazed pots have a hard time with winter freeze thaw cycles.